Backend Development

Kevin

PHP

Build fast, stable back-end solutions with client-side technologies like JavaScript and AJAX for desktop and mobile browsers or server-side scripting. Find Backend Development WFH freelancers on January 21, 2025 who work remotely. Read less

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Software developers skilled in Java, ETL and API calls as

Full Stack Developers

Hire front-end developers for web apps and website templates (HTML,

Frontend Development

PHP developers (composer, PHPUnit, Laravel) for object-oriented programming (Python, Java,

PHP Framework

Develop reliable web application front-ends using HTML, Cascading style sheets

HTML / CSS

Develop systems with coders in PHP, Java, Python, C#; experienced

Content Management System (CMS)

Build visually compelling, interactive user experiences across mobile, tablet and

UX / UI / Responsive

ECommerce

Web Servers

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Top Frequently Asked Questions

Back-end skills needed

What skills does a back-end Node developer need?

A back-end Node.js developer needs a diverse set of skills to effectively build, maintain, and scale applications. Here's an overview of the key skills:

Core Technical Skills:

JavaScript/Node.js:

Deep Understanding of JavaScript: Node.js is JavaScript for the server, so a thorough understanding of JavaScript, including ES6+ features like Promises, async/await, and arrow functions, is crucial.

Node.js Fundamentals: Knowledge of Node.js's non-blocking, event-driven architecture, its event loop, and how to handle I/O operations asynchronously.

Node.js Frameworks:

Express.js: Often used as the foundational web application framework for Node.js due to its simplicity and flexibility.

Koa.js or Hapi: Familiarity with alternative or complementary frameworks for more specific use cases or to leverage newer Node.js features.

Database Management:

SQL/NoSQL: Proficiency in working with databases, particularly MongoDB for NoSQL, but also SQL databases like PostgreSQL or MySQL. Understanding ORM/ODM like Sequelize (for SQL) or Mongoose (for MongoDB) is beneficial.

Database Design: Knowledge of data modeling, indexing, and query optimization.

API Development:

RESTful APIs: Building, securing, and documenting RESTful services.

GraphQL: Knowledge of GraphQL can be advantageous for certain projects where more flexible data fetching is required.

Asynchronous Programming:

Comfort with asynchronous JavaScript, managing callbacks, promises, and async/await patterns to handle concurrent operations efficiently.

Security:

Authentication and Authorization: Implementing secure authentication methods like JWT (JSON Web Tokens), OAuth.

Security Best Practices: Understanding of how to mitigate common vulnerabilities like XSS, CSRF, SQL injection, etc.

Testing:

Unit Testing: Using frameworks like Mocha, Jest, or Jasmine for writing tests.

Integration Testing: Knowledge of how to test entire application layers or components interacting.

Version Control:
Git: Proficiency in Git for version control, including branching strategies, merging, and pull requests.

Development Practices:

DevOps and CI/CD:
Basic knowledge of deployment strategies, containerization with Docker, and CI/CD pipelines (e.g., Jenkins, GitHub Actions).

Performance Optimization:
Understanding how to profile and optimize Node.js applications for performance, including memory management.

Dependency Management:
Managing npm packages, understanding package.json, and dealing with version conflicts.

Error Handling and Logging:
Robust error handling strategies and integrating logging solutions like Winston or Morgan.

Soft Skills:

Problem Solving:
Ability to debug complex issues in asynchronous environments.

Communication:
Explaining technical details to non-technical team members or stakeholders.

Agile Methodology:
Working in agile environments, adapting to changes quickly, and managing sprints.

Collaboration:
Working effectively with front-end developers, designers, and other back-end developers.

Additional Skills:

Microservices:
Understanding the concepts of microservices and how to implement them using Node.js.

Server Management:
Basic server administration skills, including setting up Node.js environments on servers.

Real-time Applications:
Knowledge of working with WebSockets or other real-time technologies supported by Node.js, like Socket.io.

Scalability:
Techniques for scaling Node.js applications, including load balancing, clustering, and process management with tools like PM2.

By mastering these skills, a Node.js back-end developer can handle the complexities of modern web application development, ensuring robust, scalable, and maintainable software solutions.

PHP/Laravel Back-end developers should have what skillset?

PHP/Laravel back-end developers need a comprehensive skill set to effectively develop, maintain, and scale applications. Here's an in-depth look at the essential skills:

Core Technical Skills:

PHP:

Advanced PHP Knowledge: Proficiency in PHP, understanding object-oriented programming, namespaces, closures, and the latest PHP features (PHP 7.x, 8.x).

PHP Security: Understanding how to write secure PHP code, including protection against common vulnerabilities like SQL injection, XSS, CSRF, etc.

Laravel Framework:

Laravel Fundamentals: Deep understanding of Laravel's architecture, including MVC pattern, Eloquent ORM, Artisan CLI, Blade templating engine, and migrations.

Laravel Ecosystem: Familiarity with Laravel's additional packages and tools like Laravel Collective, Laravel Nova, Horizon for queue management, etc.

Database Management:

SQL: Proficient in SQL for database operations, with a focus on MySQL, which is commonly used with Laravel. Knowledge of database design, indexing, and optimization.

Eloquent ORM: Advanced use of Laravel's Eloquent ORM for ORM operations, relationships, query building, and model event handling.

API Development:

RESTful APIs: Creating secure, efficient REST APIs with Laravel, understanding versioning, and authentication mechanisms like Laravel Passport (OAuth2 server implementation).

API Documentation: Familiarity with tools like Swagger or Laravel's built-in documentation capabilities.

Testing:

Unit Testing: Using PHPUnit with Laravel's testing suite for writing tests for models, controllers, and services.

Integration and Feature Testing: Knowledge of Laravel's testing features for testing routes, authentication, and more complex application behaviors.

Version Control:
Git: Proficiency in Git for version control, branching, merging, and pull requests, especially in a collaborative environment.

Development Practices:

DevOps and Deployment:

Deployment Tools: Understanding of deployment processes, possibly with tools like Laravel Forge, Vapor, or general CI/CD pipelines.

Docker: Basic understanding of containerization for consistent deployment environments.

Performance Optimization:

Caching: Implementing caching strategies using Laravel's cache system, Redis, or Memcached.

Query Optimization: Knowing how to optimize database queries within Laravel's ORM context.

Security:
Authentication and Authorization: Extensive use of Laravel's built-in authentication system, middleware for authorization, and understanding of JWT for stateless API authentication.

Security Practices: Regular security audits, understanding Laravel's security features like CSRF protection.

Error Handling and Logging:

Laravel Logging: Using Laravel's logging system for application monitoring and debugging.

Error Handling: Custom error pages, exception handling, and reporting.

Soft Skills:

Problem Solving:
Ability to troubleshoot complex issues within Laravel's ecosystem.

Communication:
Explaining technical concepts and project status to non-technical team members or stakeholders.

Agile Development:
Working within agile frameworks, understanding sprints, and adapting to changing requirements.

Teamwork:
Collaborating with front-end developers, designers, and other back-end developers.

Additional Skills:

Queue Management:
Setting up and managing queues with Laravel's queue system for handling background jobs.

Event Broadcasting:
Implementing real-time features using Laravel's event broadcasting with technologies like Laravel Echo and Pusher.

Package Development:
Ability to create or customize Laravel packages to extend functionality or share code.

Frontend Integration:
Basic understanding of how Laravel interacts with front-end technologies, including Vue.js or React, often used in Laravel projects via packages like Laravel Mix.

Scalability:
Techniques for scaling Laravel applications, understanding load balancing, and application architecture for high-traffic scenarios.

Cloud Services:
Familiarity with deploying on cloud platforms like AWS, Google Cloud, or Azure, where Laravel might be integrated.

By mastering these skills, a PHP/Laravel developer can build robust, scalable, and maintainable web applications, leveraging the full power of the Laravel framework.

What would be an example task for a back-end PHP developer?

Here's an example task that a back-end PHP developer, particularly one working with Laravel, might undertake:

Task: Develop an API for User Management

Objective:
Create a RESTful API for managing user accounts in an application. This API should allow for CRUD (Create, Read, Update, Delete) operations on user data, ensuring proper authentication and authorization.

Specific Requirements:

Authentication:
Implement JWT (JSON Web Token) authentication for securing API endpoints.

Endpoints:
Create User (POST /api/users):
- Accepts name, email, and password.
- Validates input data (e.g., email format, password strength).
- Hashes the password before storing.
- Returns the user ID and a JWT upon successful creation.

Get User (GET /api/users/{id}):
- Retrieves user details by ID.
- Requires authentication; only the user themselves or an admin should access this.

Update User (PUT /api/users/{id}):
- Allows updating user details like name or email.
- Requires authentication with authorization checks (only the user or admin can update).

Delete User (DELETE /api/users/{id}):
- Deletes a user account.
- Requires strict authentication and authorization (only the user or an admin).

List Users (GET /api/users):
- Returns a paginated list of users (admin-only endpoint).

Validation:
Implement server-side validation for all user inputs.

Security:
Use Laravel's built-in security features like CSRF protection for forms if applicable.
Implement rate limiting to prevent abuse of the API.

Database:
Use Laravel's Eloquent ORM for database operations, defining appropriate models and relationships.

Ensure proper indexing for performance.

Testing:
Write unit and feature tests for each endpoint to ensure functionality and security.

Documentation:
Create API documentation, possibly using Laravel's built-in documentation or external tools like Swagger.

Steps to Accomplish the Task:

Set Up Authentication: Use Laravel Passport or implement JWT manually for authentication.
Model Definition: Define the User model, including necessary attributes and relationships.

Controller Logic: Create or update the UserController with methods for each endpoint.

Routes: Define API routes in routes/api.php.

Validation: Use Request classes for form validation or inline validation in controllers.

Database Migration: Write a migration to set up the users table if not already present.

Security Checks: Implement middleware for authentication and authorization.

Testing: Develop tests using Laravel's testing suite to ensure each endpoint works as expected.

Performance: Optimize queries, possibly using eager loading to reduce N+1 queries.

Documentation: Document the API endpoints, parameters, possible responses, and example requests.

Expected Outcome:

A secure, efficient, and well-tested user management API that can be integrated into both web and mobile applications, providing seamless user management functionalities while adhering to security best practices.

This task exemplifies the blend of technical skills in PHP, Laravel-specific knowledge, database management, security awareness, and testing that a back-end PHP developer would employ in real-world scenarios.

What skills do AWS serverless devs need?

AWS serverless developers require a diverse skill set to effectively build, deploy, and manage applications using AWS's serverless technologies. Here's a comprehensive list based on the latest practices and insights:

Technical Skills:

Programming Languages:
JavaScript/Node.js: Commonly used due to AWS Lambda's support for Node.js, especially for quick prototyping and event-driven applications.

Python: Widely used for its simplicity in scripting and integration with AWS services like Lambda.

Java or C#: For more complex applications where performance or specific library support is needed.

Go: Increasingly popular for its efficiency and concurrency support.

AWS Services Knowledge:

AWS Lambda: Core for serverless computing, understanding function triggers, cold starts, and invocation models.

Amazon API Gateway: For creating, publishing, maintaining, monitoring, and securing RESTful APIs.

DynamoDB: NoSQL database service for serverless applications, understanding its data model, consistency models, and global tables.

S3 (Simple Storage Service): For serverless storage needs, especially for static websites, data lakes, or as a trigger for Lambda functions.

EventBridge (formerly CloudWatch Events): For event-driven architectures, understanding how to connect different services via events.

SQS (Simple Queue Service) and SNS (Simple Notification Service): For managing asynchronous workflows and notifications.

CloudFormation or SAM (Serverless Application Model): For infrastructure as code, especially tailored for serverless deployments.

Serverless Architecture:
Understanding Event-Driven Architecture: How to design applications where functions react to events rather than being always on.

Microservices: Breaking down applications into smaller, independently deployable services.

API Design:

RESTful API Design: Knowledge of REST principles for API Gateway.

GraphQL: For more flexible data queries, though less common, understanding its integration with serverless setups can be beneficial.

Security:

IAM (Identity and Access Management): For managing access to AWS services.
Secrets Management: Using AWS Secrets Manager or Parameter Store for managing sensitive information.

VPC (Virtual Private Cloud): For securing Lambda functions within a private network.

Monitoring and Logging:

CloudWatch: For monitoring, logging, and setting up alarms for serverless applications.

X-Ray: For tracing and debugging serverless applications to understand performance bottlenecks.

Performance Optimization:

Cold Starts: Techniques to minimize or manage Lambda cold starts.

Concurrency: Managing function concurrency limits and understanding scaling behavior.

Testing and Deployment:

Unit and Integration Testing: Testing Lambda functions locally or in a CI/CD pipeline.

CI/CD Pipelines: Using AWS CodePipeline or third-party tools like GitHub Actions for automated deployments.

AWS Specific Skills:

Cost Management:
Understanding AWS billing for serverless to optimize costs, using tools like AWS Cost Explorer.

DevOps Practices:
Familiarity with Infrastructure as Code (IaC), though more focused on serverless-specific tools like SAM.

Real-Time Data Processing:
Skills with services like Kinesis for handling streaming data in serverless applications.

Web Development:
Basic front-end development knowledge can be useful, especially when deploying serverless websites or integrating with front-end services.

By mastering these skills, AWS serverless developers can create applications that are scalable, cost-effective, and maintainable, leveraging AWS's managed services to focus on business logic rather than infrastructure management.

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