Top web designers create the best website icon sets by adhering to several key practices that ensure their icons are not only aesthetically pleasing but also functional, consistent, and user-friendly. Here's how they achieve this:
1. Define a Clear Purpose and Style:
Purpose: Icons should serve a specific function, whether it's to denote actions, represent concepts, or guide navigation. Designers start by understanding the context in which the icons will be used.
Style Guide: They create or adhere to a style guide that defines the visual language of the icons. This includes line weight, color palette, level of detail, and whether the style is flat, line, filled, or glyph.
2. Consistency:
Grid System: Many use a grid system to ensure each icon within a set has a uniform size, proportion, and alignment. This grid helps in maintaining consistency across different icons.
Visual Cohesion: All icons in a set should look like they belong together, using consistent stroke widths, cap styles, and corner treatments.
3. Simplicity and Clarity:
Minimalist Design: Icons should convey their meaning with the least amount of detail necessary. This makes them recognizable at small sizes and across different devices.
Universal Symbols: They often rely on symbols that are universally or widely recognized, ensuring immediate comprehension by users.
4. Scalability:
Vector Graphics: Icons are designed as vector graphics (like SVG) to ensure they scale without loss of quality, which is crucial for responsiveness across devices.
5. Color Usage:
Color Harmony: Colors are chosen to complement the overall design theme of the website or app. They often use color sparingly to enhance recognition rather than define the icon's purpose.
Accessibility: Consideration for accessibility includes ensuring icons are distinguishable by shape alone, not just color, for users with color vision deficiencies.
6. Iteration and Feedback:
Prototyping: Designers create multiple versions of icons, sometimes sketching them first before moving to digital tools.
User Testing: They test icons with real users or through user feedback mechanisms to ensure the icons are intuitive and effective in real-world scenarios.
7. Use of Technology:
Design Software: Tools like Adobe Illustrator, Sketch, or Figma are used for precise control over shapes and paths. Some also use plugins or icon generators for initial drafts.
Automation: For large sets or when scaling projects, some designers use scripts or tools to automate parts of the icon creation process, like applying styles or exporting formats.
8. Accessibility:
Alt Text: For web use, icons should have appropriate alt text for screen readers.
Contrast and Size: Ensure icons have enough contrast and are sized appropriately for touch or click interactions.
9. Update and Evolution:
Adaptation: Icon sets might evolve with feedback, design trends, or changes in the design system. Top designers are willing to refine their icons over time.
Version Control: They keep different versions or iterations of icons in case of updates or if older versions need to be referenced.
10. Licensing and Distribution:
Licensing: They consider the licensing of their icons, whether they'll be open-source, free with attribution, or proprietary.
Format Diversity: Icons are often provided in multiple formats (SVG, PNG, ICO) to cater to different uses and platforms.
11. Collaboration:
Team Effort: For large projects, icon design might be a collaborative effort where different designers contribute to a cohesive set, ensuring consistency through shared guidelines.
12. Cultural Sensitivity:
Global Audience: If the icons are for a global audience, designers pay attention to cultural nuances to avoid misinterpretations or insensitivities.
By focusing on these principles, top designers ensure their icon sets are not just visually appealing but also serve their functional purpose effectively across various platforms and user contexts. This approach results in icon sets that enhance user experience, contribute to brand identity, and stand the test of time.