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Android app development

Android developers for Java / Kotlin apps with multi-modules / multi-flavors; automating in Gradle / fastlane; using coroutines, room database, MVVM, navigation. Find Android app development WFH freelancers on January 21, 2025 who work remotely. Read less

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Top Frequently Asked Questions
What features of Android App development should you be comfortable your hired developer knows like the back of their hand?


Android app development follows several key principles to ensure apps are efficient, user-friendly, and maintainable.

Here are some of these principles with examples that you can use to check you have hired the right Android developer:

1. User-Centric Design:

Material Design: Follow Google's Material Design guidelines for a consistent look and feel across Android devices.

Example: Use elevation and shadows to create a sense of depth. For instance, when you design a card view:
xml
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
app:cardElevation="8dp"
app:cardCornerRadius="4dp">
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="Content"/>


2. Performance Optimization:

Minimize Memory Usage: Use efficient data structures and avoid memory leaks.

Example: Instead of holding large bitmaps in memory, use BitmapFactory options to decode them at a smaller size:
java
BitmapFactory.Options options = new BitmapFactory.Options();
options.inSampleSize = 2; // Decodes the image to half its size
Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), R.id.myimage, options);


Optimize for Battery Life: Use doze mode, background restrictions, and JobScheduler for background tasks.

3. Responsive Layouts:

Support Multiple Screen Sizes: Use constraint layouts or flexible layouts to ensure your app looks good on all devices.

Example: With ConstraintLayout:
xml
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">
android:id="@+id/myButton"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="Click Me"
app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"/>


4. Backward Compatibility:

Support Multiple API Levels: Use support libraries or AndroidX to ensure your app works on older versions of Android.

Example: Using AppCompatActivity for backward-compatible activity:
java
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
}
}


5. Security:

Data Protection: Use encryption for sensitive data, and secure network communications with HTTPS.

Example: Secure SharedPreferences for storing sensitive data:
java
SharedPreferences sharedPreferences = getSharedPreferences("MySecurePrefs", MODE_PRIVATE);
SharedPreferences.Editor editor = sharedPreferences.edit();
editor.putString("password", encrypt("myPassword"));
editor.apply();


Permissions: Request permissions at runtime, explaining why they are needed.

6. Testing:

Unit and Integration Tests: Use JUnit for unit tests, Espresso for UI tests, and consider using Robolectric for faster unit testing without an emulator.

Example: Simple unit test with JUnit:
java
@Test
public void addition_isCorrect() {
assertEquals(4, 2 + 2);
}


7. Background Processing:

Use Services and WorkManager: For long-running operations, use these components to handle background work without blocking the UI thread.

Example: Scheduling a task with WorkManager:
java
OneTimeWorkRequest myWorkRequest = new OneTimeWorkRequest.Builder(MyWorker.class)
.build();
WorkManager.getInstance(context).enqueue(myWorkRequest);


8. Accessibility:

Implement Accessibility Features: Use content descriptions, ensure color contrast, and support TalkBack for visually impaired users.

Example: Adding a content description for an image:
xml
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:src="@drawable/my_image"
android:contentDescription="@string/image_description"/>


9. Internationalization and Localization:

Support Multiple Languages: Use string resources for all text content to allow for easy translation.

Example: Using string resources:
xml
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="@string/hello_world"/>


10. App Architecture:

MVVM or Clean Architecture: Helps in maintaining a clear separation of concerns.

Example: ViewModel with LiveData in MVVM:

kotlin
class MyViewModel : ViewModel() {
private val _text = MutableLiveData().apply {
value = "Hello, Android!"
}
val text: LiveData = _text
}


11. Versioning and Updates:

App Bundles: Use Android App Bundles to reduce app size and manage different device configurations.

Instant Apps: Consider implementing for quick, lightweight experiences.

12. Continuous Integration/Continuous Deployment (CI/CD):

Automate Builds and Tests: Use tools like Jenkins, GitHub Actions, or Firebase Test Lab for automated testing and deployment.

These principles ensure that Android apps are not only functional but also scalable, maintainable, and user-friendly. Adhering to them helps in building apps that stand the test of time and cater to a wide audience across the Android ecosystem.

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